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Benefits and help after a layoff: what you may qualify for

After a layoff you may qualify for unemployment benefits, a special window to buy health coverage, free help from your local workforce center, and in some cases food, utility and housing assistance. Start with unemployment and health coverage, because both have deadlines.

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The first two

  • Unemployment insurance: file with your state right away; benefits generally start from the date you file.
  • Health coverage: you have a limited window, generally 60 days, to choose between COBRA and a Marketplace plan, and Medicaid may apply if your income drops.

Then look at

  • Your local American Job Center: free career help, and for laid-off workers, possible training funds through the Dislocated Worker program.
  • Food assistance (SNAP) and utility help, which many states let you apply for online. Dialing 211 connects you to local programs.
  • Your lender and your creditors: ask early about hardship plans.
  • Your severance agreement, which can affect when benefits start.

Keep records

Keep the layoff letter, your last pay stub and every application confirmation. Many programs ask for proof of the job loss.

Frequently asked questions

Can I get unemployment and severance?

Often yes, but some states count severance as income. File anyway and report it as asked.

How fast should I apply?

For unemployment, immediately. For health coverage, within the window written in your notice.

Is help limited by income?

Some programs are, such as SNAP and Medicaid, and your income now may differ from last year’s.

Where do I start?

File for unemployment first, then call your local American Job Center.

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See your state’s rules

Unemployment benefits, amounts and filing steps by state.

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